Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2004) - Gibraltar (2002)

Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2004) z Gibraltar (2002)

	British Indian Ocean Territory (2004)	Gibraltar (2002)

Administrative divisions	-	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 18.5% (male 2,633; female 2,509) 15-64 years: 66.3% (male 9,456; female 8,907) 65 years and over: 15.2% (male 1,803; female 2,406) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	none
Airports	1 (2003 est.)	1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 60 sq km land: 60 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago	total: 6.5 sq km land: 6.5 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC	about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.	Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In referendums held in 1967 and 2002, Gibraltarians ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency.
Birth rate	-	11.19 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $307 million expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY00/01 est. )
Capital	-	Gibraltar
Climate	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds	Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
Coastline	698 km	12 km
Constitution	-	30 May 1969
Country name	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Gibraltar
Currency	-	Gibraltar pound (GIP)
Death rate	-	8.88 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	-	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation since eviction in 1965; the UK resists the Chagossians' demand for an immediate return to the islands; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricted access to the largest island in the chain	Spain and UK are discussing "total shared sovereignty" to resolve 300-year dispute over Gibraltar, but resolution is subject to a constitutional referendum by Gibraltarians, who have largely expressed opposition to any form of cession to Spain
Economic aid - recipient	-	$NA; note - if an agreement between Spain and the UK is reached, could receive 50 million euros from the EU
Economy - overview	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing.	Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 11% to the local economy. The financial sector accounts for 20% of GDP; tourism (almost 6 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	90.21 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military	97 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m	lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m
Environment - current issues	NA	limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant
Ethnic groups	-	Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese
Exchange rates	-	Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.6981 (January 2002), 0.8977 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997); note - the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Tony CROMBIE (since January 2004); Administrator Charles A. HAMILTON (since 2002); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander-in-Chief David DURIE (since 5 April 2000); note - Sir Francis RICHARDS was appointed governor 18 December 2002 and will take office in May 2003 head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports	-	$81.1 million f.o.b. (1997)
Exports - commodities	-	(principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8%
Exports - partners	-	UK, Morocco, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain, US, Germany
Fiscal year	-	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag	two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $500 million (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $17,500 (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA%
Geographic coordinates	6 00 S, 71 30 E	36 8 N, 5 21 W
Geography - note	archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility	strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
Highways	total: NA km paved: short section of paved road between port and airfield on Diego Garcia unpaved: NA km	total: 46.25 km paved: 46.25 km unpaved: 0 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	-	$492 million c.i.f. (1997)
Imports - commodities	-	fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs
Imports - partners	-	UK, Spain, Japan, Netherlands
Independence	-	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	tourism, banking and finance, ship-building and repairing; tobacco, mineral water, beer
Infant mortality rate	-	5.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	1.5% (1998)
International organization participation	-	Interpol (subbureau)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	2 (2000)
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force	-	14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers)
Labor force - by occupation	-	services 60%, industry 40%, agriculture NEGL%
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 1.2 km border countries: Spain 1.2 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	-	English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply	English law
Legislative branch	-	unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote, one appointed for the Speaker, and two ex officio members; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 10 February 2000 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 79.23 years male: 76.37 years female: 82.25 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: NA total population: above 80% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia	Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain
Map references	Political Map of the World	Europe
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine	-	total: 75 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 900,400 GRT/1,277,611 DWT ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 35, chemical tanker 6, container 10, multi-functional large-load carrier 3, passenger 3, petroleum tanker 14, roll on/roll off 2 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 1, Cyprus 1, France 2, Germany 55, Greece 6, Ireland 1, Monaco 2, Norway 3, United Kingdom 13 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	-	no regular indigenous military forces; British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force
National holiday	-	National Day, 10 September (1964); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or go with Spain
Nationality	-	noun: Gibraltarian(s) adjective: Gibraltar
Natural hazards	NA	NA
Natural resources	coconuts, fish, sugarcane	NEGL
Net migration rate	-	NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines	-	0 km
Political parties and leaders	-	Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Women's Association
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s, in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in 2001, there were approximately 1,500 UK and US military personnel and 2,000 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2004 est.)	27,714 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	0.23% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Diego Garcia	Gibraltar
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	37,000 (1997)
Religions	-	Roman Catholic 76.9%, Church of England 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish 2.3%, none or other 7% (1991)
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more
Telephone system	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)	general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities domestic: automatic exchange facilities international: radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	19,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	1,620 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation)	a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar
Total fertility rate	-	1.65 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	13.5% (1996) (1996)
Waterways	-	none

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